The pure, sober form of the S43 cantilever chair has made it an archetype of modernist furniture. It was designed by Mart Stam in 1931 for the natural science reading room of the German National Library in Leipzig, where, almost a century later, it is still in daily use. Only tubular steel furniture of the highest quality, as used by Thonet, can claim such durability.Â
In all his designs, Mart Stam aimed for simple forms and an economy of means, both aesthetically and technically. In the case of the S 43 chair, he combined the tubular steel frame with moulded plywood shells for the seat and back, creating an absolute reduction. Thanks to the comfortable flexing effect of the structure, there is no need for upholstery.
Thanks to the properties of tubular steel, Mart Stam was the first to do away with the back legs that had been used on all chairs for centuries, creating a new archetype, the cantilever chair, which was copied by many designers, including his friend Marcel Breuer.Â
THE S43,
A HIGHLY
CUSTOMISABLE CHAIR
Mart Stam
Mart Stam, born in 1899 in Purmerend in the Netherlands, was one of the leaders of modern architecture and a pioneer of contemporary furniture design. He attracted attention in 1927 with his architectural contribution to the WeiĂźenhof Estate in Stuttgart, both as an architect and as a designer experimenting with tubular steel. In 1928 and 1929, he worked as an architect in Frankfurt, where he was involved in the construction of the Hellerhof housing estate. At the same time, he was invited to lecture at the Bauhaus, where he taught elementary construction theory and town planning. From 1930 to 1934, Mart Stam was active in Russia and other countries; he then worked as an architect in Amsterdam until 1948. In 1939, he became head of the Academy of Arts and Crafts in Amsterdam, and in 1950 he was appointed director of the Conservatory of Applied Arts in Berlin-WeiĂźensee. He returned to Amsterdam in 1953, but emigrated to Switzerland in 1977, where he died on 23 February 1986 in Goldach. Â
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